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Brand Positioning Fundamentals - Innovation and Frame of Reference

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brand positioning model 

We're now half-way through my mini-series on Brand Positioning Fundamentals. You'll recall the key elements:

1. Your target customer
2. Their need
3. Their frame of reference
4. Your dramatic difference(s)
5. Your reason(s) to believe

In my last post, we covered the customer's frame of reference. Let's go a bit deeper here because it is especially easy to get this wrong if you are marketing a highly innovative or disruptive brand.

Take a look at the iPhone. When Steve Jobs introduced it what frame of reference could he have used? He could have invented any term for the frame of reference and the fanboys would have internalized it instantly. Internet Telephone Device? Web Handset? Superphone? What term did Apple use? The video below makes it pretty clear.
 
The iPhone frame of reference 



Apple took great pains to make the frame of reference the dumb old "phone", showing 70+ years of cinema stars answering them. Apple understood that using the phone as a frame of reference made the device instantly familiar to the masses. Notice that they didn't use a frame of reference for their fanboys. They were focused on the mass market opportunity. Too many innovators overlook this most basic piece of brand positioning hygiene - focusing on the right target audience.

Was that it then? Decided and done? No. As mentioned in previous posts, brand positioning must be ready to change with the competition, the market and the customer. When the iPhone as familiar phone-like object was successfully embedded in the minds' of the masses, the company then expanded its' frame of reference to include browsing the web, email, music, applications, and much more.
 
Motorola Droid frame of reference
Jump ahead three years to the recent launch of the Motorola Droid. As previously posted, I've intuited the droid brand positioning at launch to be:
 
For the technology leader who needs the latest and greatest device, the Motorola Droid is the iphone killer, with a giant screen and the ability to run multiple applications with ease. 

Notice the frame of reference in the video below...
 

 

In the subsequent commercials, the brand gets way more creative and I have to admit to being a little uncertain. Is the frame of reference iPhone or "robot"? The robot theme is played hard, saying "Instead of a smartphone, we made a robot phone."
 
  
But without getting into the semantics of artificial life, I think they are simply saying they made a phone that kicks iPhone butt. (comments welcome).
 
This is something Blackberry or Windows Phones don't have the feature set to do, but the Droid does. If you really can take on the number one player, and their brand is ubiquitous like the iPhone, you can make them your frame of reference with brilliant results.
 
Palm Pre - Missed positioning opportunity 

Sadly, this is a tactic Palm could have taken with the Pre. Instead, their frame of reference was just like Apple but two years too late: the plain old phone. And now, as the Droid grabs mind share with their strategic brand positioning, Palm, Windows, Blackberry and other smartphone players are getting pushed down the brand ladder, while the Droid gets comfortable (at least for now) in the number two customer loyalty spot behind the iPhone.

Brand Positioning is not some abstract concept. It is a set of simple, plug and play rules that you can ignore or exploit to your advantage.
 
Ask yourself (especially if your brand is innovative):

  • Is my frame of reference designed for my target audience?
  • Is it instantly familiar and orienting?
  • Am I missing a massive brand positioning opportunity? One where I could use a ubiquitous competitor as a point of reference, and in so doing slingshot my brand into greater awareness?

 

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Brand Positioning Fundamentals - The Customer

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Brand Positioning Template

As noted in the post Positioning - Much Abused. How to Use here at Distility Branding, for 1day1brand, we use the classic positioning statement that is made up of the elements in the above diagram.

1. Your target customer
2.
Their need
3.
Their frame of reference
4.
Your dramatic difference(s)
5.
Your reason(s) to believe

Together they give us a positioning statement such as the one I've intuited for the Motorola Droid:

For the technology leader who needs the latest and greatest device, the Motorola Droid is the iphone killer, with a giant screen and the ability to run multiple applications with ease.

This week, I'd like to breakdown the statement components, starting with...

The customer

Of course it all starts with getting the customer right! And this is where all too often it goes wrong, especially in B2B branding, where targeting a job title is very helpful.

Can you describe the customer?
Ask yourself, "How well does your firm know the customer?"

Can your team describe the customer clearly with a good sense of their age, education, aspirations and pains? Can you easily find real examples of your "typical" customer? You may not have the budget of Motorola, but that doesn't excuse your team from doing their homework.

Does the customer have a pain or desire you resolve?
Although the target customer's pain or desire is not explicitly mentioned in the positioning statement, it is very important that it exist. A customer that has no pain or desire for your solution is the wrong customer. A vegan is not a good target customer for a brand that is made out of meat. In the case of the Motorola Droid, they know that iphone super-users can be pained by the lack of multi-tasking. They know that while it isn't a pain, a larger screen is something they desire.

Are you really sure?

Ask your team: "Have we missed the blindingly obvious?" For instance, if you are developing a solution for routine laboratory analysis, is the primary target audience the laboratory technician who uses the solution? Or is it the laboratory manager who makes the buying decision? If you aren't sure, you must figure it out before you do any further branding.

What about Motorola? They have targeted a tiny market - disaffected iPhone users. Why wouldn't they copy Apple? After all, when Apple introduced the iPhone, they originally took great pains to sell it as a... phone. Apple didn't want to scare people away by being technologic out the gate. But in the case of the Droid, the choice of this niche customer was conscientious and in keeping with technology marketing best practices when introducing a cutting edge device in a highly competitive market - they targeted the early-adopters, the super influencers. And since - secretly - Motorola knows it can't kill the iPhone, it is actually trying to make the early adopters evangelists for the Droid brand, effectively pushing the desirability of Blackberry, Palm, Windows, Nokia and others down in the mind of the market.

It is key to remember that positioning must be adaptive. Unlike a brand promise or personality which should be designed to endure, positioning should change as it needs in reaction to, and anticipation of changes with the customers, competitors, and the brand's own capabilities. Motorola will soon expand its positioning to bring more customers into the fold.

Next post: Understanding your customer's need.

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Brand Positioning - The Droid Problem

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With their "Droid Does" campaign, Motorolla is using the “Repositioning the Competition” strategy, using the iPhone's entrenched brand status as the way to get sticky in our minds. It is the same strategy used when Avis fought Hertz with their classic "“We're number two. We try harder” brand strategy. Key difference here is that the positioning is narrowly focused on the uber geek, male, early adopter.

It is great to see this gutsy positioning, but will it work?

To succeed, positioning must be three things: unique, relevant and compelling.

The Droid positioning is unique - no doubt about it. The hardware, software, and styling all stand apart. The aggressive, robotic branding is world's away from any competitor. Actually, it is the first superphone commercial that some attitude a la Apple's landmark 1984 television advertisement directed by Ridley Scott. The contrast is actually delicious. Apple branded itself as the human, destroying the machine. Droid is branded as the machine.

The Droid positioning is relevant - superphones are the new PCs, and consumers want choice, especially if they are with Verizon.

But is the positioning compelling? I'm an early adopter and don't find any of the things "Droid Does" to be a compelling reason to desire this new device. Higher resolution screen? Nice to have? Yes. Need to have? No. Multi-tasking? The same. And so on.

Where the strategy does succeed, is in manipulating me quite successfully into thinking that the Droid must be the number two choice. Suddenly, Blackberry, Palm, Windows, and the other brands out there seem a lot less relevant, a lot less unique, and far less compelling.

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Great Positioning Video - Motorola Droid Takes on iPhone

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It is great to see some seriously tough positioning coming out of Motorola for their new super phone - The Motorola Droid.

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